Meeting Notes July 2023

Meeting 06/07

Research

  • Investigating Representation Collapse in Reinforcement Learning Agents from Vision
    • plan/structure?
    • what RL algorithms?
      • visual data
      • Gehart Neumann, Marc Toussaint, Joustus Piater (Innsburg)
      • Define a research question
      • Focus on some domain
      •  
  • Unnormalized Contrastive learning
    • All CL models use l2 normalization of the representation
      • Stability: Normalizing the representations ensures that they all have the same magnitude. This can make the learning process more stable, as it prevents the model from assigning arbitrarily large or small magnitudes to the representations.

      • Focus on direction: By constraining the representations to have a fixed magnitude, the learning process focuses on the direction of the vectors in the embedding space. This is often what we care about in tasks like contrastive learning, where the goal is to make the representations of similar inputs point in similar directions.

      • Computational convenience: As mentioned earlier, many computations, such as the dot product between two vectors, are easier to perform and interpret in normalized spaces.

      • Interpretability: Normalized representations are often more interpretable, as the angle between two vectors can be directly interpreted as a measure of similarity or dissimilarity.

    • BUT, this come to the expense of
      • Decreased Capacity: With normalization, the model’s capacity to represent data is reduced since it can only rely on the direction of vectors in the embedding space. This limitation may result in the model being less able to capture complex patterns in the data.
      • Missing Magnitude Information: The absence of magnitude information in normalized vectors removes the ability to convey meaningful data properties such as confidence levels or other relevant characteristics. Normalization discards this information, limiting the model’s understanding of the data.
    • IDEA: remove the l2 regularization
      • Regularize the model to penalize large magnitudes.
      • Scale the representations to a desired range.
      • Design a custom loss function considering both direction and magnitude
  • Breaking Binary: Towards a Continuum of Conceptual Similarities in Self-Supervised Learning
    • will take more time to set-up
    • will leave it for later

PhD Registration

  • registered

M.Sc. Students/Interns

  • Iye Szin presenting next week her work until now.

ML Course

  • Publish Video Tutorial on pytorch

Miscellaneous

  • Summer School in Cambridge
    • Poster?

Meeting 25/07

Research

  • Goal-oriented working mode:
    • define subgoals and milestones
    • (make sure that you can evaluate them, and define criteria of success, scores, etc.)
    • till 17.08.2023 10:00
  • Define topic, sub-problem, open challenge, your approach, toy task, full experiment
  • RAAD2024, 20.12.2023 concept paper with first results
  • Spring 2024 A+ robotics conference paper on simulation experiments.
  • Summer 2024 A+ robotics paper on real robot experiments

M.Sc. Students/Interns

Miscellaneous

 




Ottronic GmbH

Laufende Projekte, Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten

  • Retrofitting of a Cyber-Physical System to a reactive molding machine for thermoset resins



Meeting Notes June 2023

Meeting 15/06

Research

  • reviews for ECAI (2/6) (Vedant is working on one of them)
  • Research leads:
    1. Dimensionality Collapse of Visual Representations in Reinforcement Learning
    2. Improve SwAV architecture by creating better latent space clusters with the use of Sparse Autoencoders

PhD Registration

  • waiting for admission office response

M.Sc. Students/Interns

  • Iye Szin has a working prototype

ML Course

  • Tutorial on pytorch
  • pending grading for assignments 5 and 6

Miscellaneous

  • Summer School
    • Registration done
    • Air tickets booked
    • accommodation booked
  • English course got postponed

 

Meeting 22/06

Research

  • Reviews for ECAI 2023 done.

M.Sc. Students/Interns

ML Course

Miscellaneous

 

Meeting 29/06

Research

M.Sc. Students/Interns

ML Course

Miscellaneous




Meeting Notes July 2023

Meeting on the 19th of July 2023

Agenda

Location: Scholz Rohstoffhandel, Industriestraße 11, 2361 Laxenburg

Date & Time: 19th June 2023, 11am to 12pm

Participants: Melanie Neubauer, M.Sc.

 

Top 1: Notes

  • Scholz processes about 30 thousand tons of scrap, about 1 million tons in Austria per year. Sources of scrap: consumers, industry, collection yards of municipalities, repair shops.
  • Aluminium, Messing, Kupfer, Kunststoffe (Gummi), Draht – are the problematic components. Bateries and accumulators are also in the scrap and need to be sorted out. Copper is the most important part that must be removed, as this greatly affects the quality of the steel.

 

  • Scrap consists of end-of-life vehicles and whole or crushed and from old household appliances. The cars are disassembled beforehand (tires, fluids, engine, etc.)
  • This scrap is used to produce the so-called E40 material, for which there are EU guidelines, but the requirements of the steel producers are higher. The demands of steel and plastics manufacturers must be met. (single-variety) (EU – 2.5cm, Scholz – 10-15cm)
  • Criteria in the steel plant: radioactivity, weight, visibility (copper!, plastics, rubber, substances)
  • For the E40 material, 1 car and then 2 portions of household scrap are always put into the shredder. The 1:2 blends look about the same as just car scrap. Mixing is done to prevent canting in the shredder. By means of an eddy current separator (use air), the shredder output is divided into the light fraction and the E40 metal fraction. With the help of manual re-sorting, the quality of both outputs is improved. The re-sorting takes place on the two conveyor belts (light fraction, E40 fraction).
  • The cameras for data acquisition should be implemented in the area at the hand sorting. If this does not work, a bypass can be created. Also tests can be carried out in the technical center with approx. 5000 stk scrap (Alexia says this is a suitable quantity). 
  • technical center in St. Michael owns: NIR, WIS, laser triangulation 
  • From next spring, cars will be more partially dismantled before shredding, there will be a re-data collection.

 

  • Libs sensor: very complex and lengthy, has already been carried out at Scholz, silicon and magnesium are detected by it, laser shoots particles out of scrap particles and analyzes the composition
  • MBT material: That waste which is removed from the household residual waste with the help of a magnet. This waste goes directly into the shredder, then metal is sorted out again, the rest goes back to the incinerator. (currently not relevant)

Meeting on the 20th of July 2023

Agenda

Location: Chair of CPS

Date & Time: 20th July 2023, 8am to 9am

Participants: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Elmar Rueckert, Melanie Neubauer, M.Sc.

 

  1. Organisatorial progress update by Melanie.
  2. Next steps of Melanie.

Top 1: Organisational Update

Update to the Visit to Scholz from 19th of July. (Images are in the Cloud under Projects/Kiramet)

Top 2: Next steps

  • Paper for RAAD conference to be submitted. Deadline for submission is 12/20/2023. 
  • This should focus on one/ or more methods for segmentation of problematic particles in scrap. 
  • Topic: application of classification and segmentation to scrap particles. 
  • Methods used: Mask R-CNN, …
  • The classes that occur are to be described. 
  • In the chapter Analyses will be analyzed how much of what is present in the sample in percent.
  • First of all the paper should be written down in note form.
  • Chapter: Introduction, Methods, Analyses, Summary….



Klemens Lechner, B.Sc.

Master Thesis Student at the Montanuniversität Leoben

Klemens Lechner Photo

Short bio: Klemens is an Energy Engineering student at Montanuniversität Leoben,  working on a Master’s Thesis named “Deep Neural Energy Forecasting for  
Economic Resource Usage in Hydrogen Industries”. This work focuses on  exploring how AI can be used to better manage resources in the hydrogen industry.

Klemens got his start in Electrical Engineering, graduating from a  technical secondary school. After a brief but interesting stint with the Military Orchestra in Carinthia, he decided to return to his  engineering roots, earning a Bachelor of Science in Raw Materials Engineering.

Now, as a Master’s candidate, Klemens hopes to combine his skills and  interests to make a positive contribution to the energy sector.

Research Interests

  • Deep Learning
  • Resource utilization in Energy Sector

Thesis

Contact

Klemens Lechner, B. Sc
Master Thesis Student at the Chair of Cyber-Physical-Systems
Montanuniversität Leoben
Franz-Josef-Straße 18,
8700 Leoben, Austria 

Email: klemens.lechner@stud.unileoben.ac.at




Meeting Notes June 2023

Meeting on the 5th of June 2023

Agenda

Location: Chair of CPS

Date & Time: 5th June 2023, 11am to 12pm

Participants: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Elmar Rueckert, Melanie Neubauer, M.Sc.

 

  1. Organisatorial progress update by Melanie.
  2. Infos from Elmar regarding the progress.
  3. Next steps of Melanie.

Top 1: Update Melanie

  •  Moodle access works
  •  Visit St. Michael with my own car on 13.06.
  • Home Office on 14.06.
  • Problems with the SparseDetr Code on my Laptop (running the code is not possible), running the code in the lab on the 3090 is possible

Top 2: Infos from Elmar

  • In St michael extra garbage is delivered to record data
  • Alexia has examples of images of the garbage
  • Not much open source data for the project in St. Michael available
  • Possibility to run the DMS paper Code, and use it for Linus’ Roboter

Top 3: Next Steps

  •  Check references from the project paper (E-Mail Elmar)
  • Train SparseDetr on the 3090 GPU (check how it works)
  • DMS paper Apple (https://machinelearning.apple.com/research/dense-material)
    try to get access to the data and run the code
  • Read Paper “Applications of convolutional neural networks for intelligent waste identification on recicling: A review” (interesting information about datasets,…) 

Meeting on the 13th of June 2023

Agenda

Location: Chair of CPS

Date & Time: 13th June 2023, 11am to 12pm

Participants: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Elmar Rueckert, Melanie Neubauer, M.Sc.

 

  1. Organisatorial progress update by Melanie.
  2. Feedback to the research talk presentation by Elmar.
  3. Topics of promising future research direction.
  4. Next steps of Melanie.
  5. Date of the next meeting.

Top 1: Organisational Update

add you text here. 




Meeting Notes May 2023

Meeting on the 23th of May 2023

Location: Chair of CPS

Date & Time: 23th May 2023, 10:30 am to 11:00 am

Participants: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Elmar Rueckert, Melanie Neubauer, M.Sc.

 

Agenda

  1. Organisatorial progress update by Melanie.
  2. Topics of promising future research direction.
  3. Next steps of Melanie.

Discussion regarding Recycling Lab St. Michael

  • wait for E-Mail from Alexia Tischberger-Aldrian (visit in St. Michael)
  • currently no data available
  • server is set up to collect data
  • various sensors record the data
  • Infos regarding data – see Project Manual p. 16 chapter 7.1

Discussion regarding future publications

1. Publication
– publicate the collected and labeled data from St. Michael
– generate a GUI for labeling the data 
– the labeling is made by study assistants (about 200.000 Images)

2. Publication
– Conference Paper about Particle Tracking
– Train a network on the basis of the first Publication

eventually 3. Publication Transfer Learning
– use Open source Data for training

Main Question: How does a network learn an efficient representation to be able to build a reasonable model (even with a small amount of training data)?

To Do:

  • wait for E-Mail from Alexia Tischberger-Aldrian to visit the Recycling Lab
  • Ask for Waste-RL Dataset from ‘Waste Management’ Paper (www.elsevier.com/locate/wastman) – Images from Waste-RL are not very suitable
  • maybe find some other Dataset instead of Waste-RL
  •  Read Paper Waste Management
  • Use Paper ‘Sparse Detr…’ on the Steel Defect Dataset from the Master Thesis

 
 




B.Sc. Thesis – Christoph Andres: Development of a ROS2 Interface for the FANUC CRX-10iA robot arm

Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr Elmar Rückert, Niko Feith
Start date: 1st March 2023

 

Theoretical difficulty: low
Practical difficulty: mid

Abstract

The FANUC CRX-10iA robot arm is a compliant system that can be used for collaborative human-robot tasks. 

In this Bachelor thesis, the abilities of the robot arm are evaluated for such co-worker scenarios. In particular, the reachable space, the robustness of the inverse kinematics, the ability to simulate the system in real-time, and the precision and reliability of the system are analyzed.

To embed the system in our CPS Hub, a ROS2 interface will be developed und used for all experiments. The interface can be used to control the system or to send end receive commands from simulation tools like CoppeliaSim or Gazebo. 

Tentative Work Plan

To achieve our objective, the following concrete tasks will be focused on:

  • Literature research
  • ROS2 interface implementation for the simulation tool
  • ROS2 interface implementation for the real system
  • Identification of quality measures and definition of the experiments
  • Evaluation 
  • Thesis writing

Thesis

Development of a ROS2 Interface for the FANUC CRX-10iA robot arm




M.Sc. Thesis, Stefan Maintinger – Map-based and map-less mobile navigation via deep reinforcement learning in dynamic environments

Supervisor: Linus Nwankwo, M.Sc.;
Univ.-Prof. Dr Elmar Rückert
Start date: 5th September 2022

 

Theoretical difficulty: mid
Practical difficulty: mid

Abstract

For over 20 years today, the simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) approach has been widely used to achieve autonomous navigation objectives. The SLAM problem is the problem of building a map of the environment while simultaneously estimating the robot’s position relative to the map given noisy sensor observations and a series of control data.  Recently, the 

mapless-based approach with deep reinforcement learning has been proposed. For this approach, the agent (robot) learns the navigation policy given only sensor data and a series of control data without a prior map of the task environment. In the context of this thesis, we will evaluate the performance of both approaches in a crowded dynamic environment using our differential drive open-source open-shuttle mobile robot.

Tentative Work Plan

To achieve our objective, the following concrete tasks will be focused on:

  • Literature research and a general understanding of the field
    • mobile robotics and industrial use cases
    • Overview of map-based autonomous navigation (SLAM & Path planning)
    • Overview of mapless-based autonomous navigation approach with deep reinforcement learning
    •  
  • Setup and familiarize with the simulation environment
    • Build the robot model (URDF) for the simulation (optional if you wish to use the existing one)
    • Setup the ROS framework for the simulation (Gazebo, Rviz)
    • Recommended programming tools: C++, Python, Matlab
    •  
  • Intermediate presentation:
    • Presenting the results of the literature study
    • Possibility to ask questions about the theoretical background
    • Detailed planning of the next steps
    •  
  • Define key performance/quality metrics for evaluation:
    • Time to reach the desired goal
    • Average/mean speed
    • Path smoothness
    • Obstacle avoidance/distance to obstacles
    • Computational requirement
    • success rate
    • e.t.c
    •  
  • Assessment and execution:
    • Compare the results from both map-based and map-less approaches on the above-defined evaluation metrics.
    •  
  • Validation:
    • Validate both approaches in a real-world scenario using our open-source open-shuttle mobile robot.
    •  
  • Furthermore, the following optional goals are planned:
    • Develop a hybrid approach combining both the map-based and the map-less methods.
    •  
  • M.Sc. thesis writing
  • Research paper writing (optional)

Related Work

[1] Xue, Honghu; Hein, Benedikt; Bakr, Mohamed; Schildbach, Georg; Abel, Bengt; Rueckert, Elmar, “Using Deep Reinforcement Learning with Automatic Curriculum Learning for Mapless Navigation in Intralogistics“, In: Applied Sciences (MDPI), Special Issue on Intelligent Robotics, 2022.

[2] Han Hu; Kaicheng Zhang; Aaron Hao Tan; Michael Ruan; Christopher Agia; Goldie Nejat “Sim-to-Real Pipeline for Deep Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Robot Navigation in Cluttered Rough Terrain”,  IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters ( Volume: 6, Issue: 4, October 2021).

[3] Md. A. K. Niloy; Anika Shama; Ripon K. Chakrabortty; Michael J. Ryan; Faisal R. Badal; Z. Tasneem; Md H. Ahamed; S. I. Mo, “Critical Design and Control Issues of Indoor Autonomous Mobile Robots: A Review”, IEEE Access ( Volume: 9), February 2021.

[4]  Ning Wang, Yabiao Wang, Yuming Zhao, Yong Wang and Zhigang Li , “Sim-to-Real: Mapless Navigation for USVs Using Deep Reinforcement Learning”, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2022, 10, 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070895

Master Thesis

The final master thesis document can be downloaded here. 




Meeting Notes May 2023

Meeting 11/05

Research

  • submitted CR-VAE paper to ECAI
  • Research leads:
    1. Dimensionality Collapse of Visual Representations in Reinforcement Learning
    2. Improve SwAV architecture by creating better latent space clusters with the use of Sparse Autoencoders

PhD Registration

  • Signed Application
  • Will hand it over to the Admissions office

M.Sc. Students/Interns

  • Possible PhD position for Iye Szin
  • Early June first draft presentation

ML Course

  • Assignment 5

Miscellaneous

  • Kleinwassertal

 

Meeting 25/05

Research

Literature Review

  1. Dimensionality Collapse of Visual Representations in Reinforcement Learning
  2. Improve SwAV architecture by creating better latent space clusters with the use of Sparse Autoencoders

 ECAI review papers

  • 6 papers assigned = 16hours(2 days)/paper = 96 hours(12 days)
  • More feasible to review 2 papers.
  • deadline 16 June

M.Sc. Students/Interns

ML Course

  • Graded up to assignment 4
  • Assignment 6 out

Miscellaneous